Native America, Discovered and Conquered: Thomas Jefferson, Lewis and Clark, and Manifest Destiny - Book reviews of Native America, Discovered and Conquered: Thomas Jefferson, Lewis and Clark, and Manifest Destiny

'Native America, Discovered and Conquered: Thomas Jefferson, Lewis and Clark, and Manifest Destiny' book reviews

Review for'Native America, Discovered and Conquered: Thomas Jefferson, Lewis and Clark, and Manifest Destiny'

"Native America, Discovered and Conquered: Thomas Jefferson, Lewis and Clark, and Manifest Destiny" by Robert J. Miller is a compelling examination of American history through the lens of legal and cultural perspectives. This book intricately details the impact of the Doctrine of Discovery, a legal principle that has had long-standing and often devastating implications for Native American sovereignty and land rights. Miller, a professor of law and a citizen of the Eastern Shawnee Tribe, brings a unique and authoritative voice to the narrative, making it a must-read for anyone interested in the historical context of American expansion and its ramifications for Native peoples.

From the outset, Miller sets the stage by explaining the Doctrine of Discovery, a concept originating in the 15th century that granted European powers the right to claim lands occupied by non-Christian peoples. This doctrine became a cornerstone for American policies and actions towards Native Americans. The book meticulously traces how this doctrine influenced the thoughts and actions of key figures like Thomas Jefferson and the Lewis and Clark expedition, ultimately shaping the ideology of Manifest Destiny that drove American expansion westward.

Miller’s analysis of Thomas Jefferson is particularly insightful. Jefferson, often celebrated as a champion of liberty and democracy, is shown to have harbored deeply ingrained beliefs about the superiority of European civilization. Through Jefferson's letters and policies, Miller illustrates how Jefferson viewed Native lands as open for American expansion, rationalizing this through a paternalistic belief that Native Americans would benefit from European-style agriculture and governance. This perspective is crucial for understanding the contradictions in Jefferson’s legacy and the broader American attitude towards Native peoples.

The Lewis and Clark expedition, often romanticized in American history, is re-examined through a critical lens. Miller provides a nuanced account of the expedition, highlighting its role in mapping and claiming lands for the United States under the guise of exploration and scientific discovery. The interactions between the expedition members and various Native tribes are presented in a balanced manner, showcasing both moments of cooperation and conflict. Miller effectively argues that the expedition was a strategic move to assert American sovereignty and facilitate future settlement and exploitation of Native lands.

One of the book's strengths is its ability to connect historical events with contemporary issues. Miller draws a direct line from past policies and attitudes to ongoing legal battles over land rights and tribal sovereignty. This connection is crucial for readers to understand that the struggles of Native Americans are not relics of the past but ongoing challenges rooted in historical injustices. By framing these issues within the context of the Doctrine of Discovery and Manifest Destiny, Miller provides a powerful critique of American legal and cultural narratives that have marginalized Native voices and rights.

In conclusion, "Native America, Discovered and Conquered" is a significant contribution to the study of American history and Native American rights. Miller's thorough research and clear, engaging writing make the complex legal and historical concepts accessible to a broad audience. This book is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the deep-seated roots of American expansionism and its enduring impact on Native American communities. Through his detailed examination, Miller not only sheds light on historical injustices but also calls for a re-evaluation of American history that honors the sovereignty and contributions of Native peoples.

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